I feel like there are multiple arguments happening, and I’m not even sure I know what those arguments are.
I am taking for granted that we are in this baffling world where we have prioritized bars and restaurants being open. Yes, that sucks, but I can’t do anything about it. So in that world, should schools be open?
I am in a location with a very high rate of spread right now (just outside of Columbus, Ohio). We’re at something like 200 cases per 100,000 individuals over the last two weeks, which is the metric that our school district is focused on. Everything over 100 per 100,000 is deemed high spread.
Does that high spread mean that we should open schools or not? I’m actually not sure. This is how I view the various factors.
Arguments in favor of opening:
- Kids’ education will be better if they are in school. My belief is that this is almost certainly true.
- Households’ well-being will be better if they are in school. A couple of factors are that kids being in school makes it easier for parents to earn their incomes, and families are going batshit crazy being around each other 24 hours at a time and becoming de facto teachers.
Arguments against opening:
- It’s potentially unsafe for the kids.
- It’s potentially unsafe for the community.
I want to focus on these last two points, because I think people have different assumptions about how true they are with regard to schools opening vs. being closed.
I’ll start by saying that I have no doubts kids can spread it. Some quick data from my school district:
We have 11,500 students currently attending in-person schools on a hybrid basis, with 2,000 staff members. The state of Ohio reports a cumulative 63 positive tests among students and 18 positive tests among staff. That’s a 0.56% rate for students and a 0.90% rate for staff. Since 8/31, the state of Ohio has recorded roughly 82,000 new cases out of a population of 11.69 million, for a rate of about 0.70%.
In short, I think it’s reasonable to say that the virus is spreading at about the same rate among students and staff as it is among the general public.
But I think the important question is whether this transmission is happening within schools or not - does school opening actually cause an increase in transmission? Much of the communication that we’ve gotten has been clear that many of these student cases are being transmitted through outside events. I believe that more than a quarter of the student cases were traced to a single private party that was hosted on what would have been Homecoming Weekend. (The actual Homecoming event was cancelled.)
If that can be generalized, then I’d say we should just open up schools because opening up schools doesn’t meaningfully increase transmission above the rate it would otherwise be.
So even though I’m very concerned about the virus and believe that many businesses should be shut down, I’m not sure I understand the argument for shutting down schools completely. Is it based on the assumption that school transmission is going to be greater than the transmission that would otherwise have happened? If so, have we seen any evidence that actually attempts to capture that counterfactual?